According to the international correspondent of rahnam news agency, on November 21, 2013, “Mohammed Yasser Arafat al-Qudwa al-Husseini” known as “Yasser Arafat” and nicknamed “Abu Ammar”, the leader of the Palestinian Authority, died at the age of 75 in Persi Hospital in Paris. After being buried by the people of the West Bank, his body was moved to the city of Ramallah, the center of the Khudogran organization, and buried there.
After 19 years since his suspicious death in Paris, Yasser Arafat can still be considered the most prominent Palestinian figure in the history of the struggles of the people of this land. Arafat’s life chart, from the founding of the Fatah movement and assuming the leadership of all militant groups to the Oslo Accords, had many ups and downs that are instructive.
He, who was born in 1929 in Quds and went to Cairo to study when he was young, in the 1959s along with several other young people such as Khalil al-Wazir and Salah Khalaf founded the Tahrir al-Falastin (Fath) movement to stand against the Zionist occupation. Over time, he became the spokesperson of this organization under the leadership of the Palestine Liberation Organization, which is a confederation of Palestinian parties and was established in 1964, and became known as the representative of the Palestinian people in world assemblies and various countries.
** Turning the Islamic issue into a Palestinian issue!
However, Arafat, who was considered the first generation of Palestinian fighters, had trials and errors that cost the history of Palestine dearly, but served as a lesson for the younger generations and future fighters of this land. Arafat, who was infatuated with Gamal Abdel Nasser, the late leader of Egypt and the founder of Pan-Arabism, saw the Palestinian issue not as an Islamic issue but as an Arab issue, and his sense of Arab nationalism made him stand in the war imposed by Saddam’s side and try to end the war in the form of a goodwill delegation. would do; A delegation was formed in March of 1959 consisting of the presidents of Pakistan, Turkey, Bangladesh, Gambia, Senegal, Guinea, as well as Yasser Arafat and Habib Shatti (Secretary General of the Organization of the Islamic Conference) to travel to both countries and make their proposal after listening to the words of the parties. but from there none of their proposals met Iran’s demands and mostly met Saddam’s demands.
At the meeting of the Non-Aligned Movement in Harare, the capital of Zimbabwe, in 1365, Baser Arafat tried to approach the Iranian President Ayatollah Khamenei, who was participating in the meeting, to sway him to the proposed peace with Saddam. Arafat said in an interview with Zimbabwe’s Herald newspaper in a period when Israel’s aggression went beyond Palestine and included southern Lebanon: “This war is crazy and the Palestinians consider themselves the biggest losers of the Iran-Iraq war. I say to the Iranians, it is enough, it is enough, it is enough. We, the non-aligned, have paid a very heavy price for this war.
Arafat had also brought a peace plan to the movement in order to register it under his own name, but the response of the Supreme Leader of the Revolution in the speech of the summit was interesting: “If today the movement of non-commitment to anyone, from the aggressed nation of Palestine, the opportunity and permission to participate in the gathering of leaders non-committal, it is precisely and solely based on this principle, and doubting the implementation of this principle will also call into question their very presence… It was expected that in his speech yesterday morning, he would talk about the successes of the Palestinian nation in fighting against the aggression of the Zionist regime. They spoke out to encourage others to support aggression; Unfortunately, this vision has made Palestine still a victim of aggression after four long decades… If this method has failed and prescribes a policy of surrender and compromise with the aggressor for Palestine, it is better to seriously refrain from recommending it to others. Slow down.”
Ayatollah Khamenei, in his 1965 speech at the meeting of the member states of the Non-Aligned Movement, considered Arafat’s vision to have led to four long decades of Palestine being a victim of aggression.
Arafat was the only leader of an Islamic and Arab country who stood by Saddam Hussein when the Iraqi Baath regime attacked Kuwait in 1990, and this caused his position to decline among Islamic and Arab countries. On the other hand, Arafat tried to separate himself from others by emphasizing the Palestinianness of the Palestinian issue (instead of emphasizing its Islamic nature).
With the defeat of the Ba’ath army in the first Persian Gulf War and the relative weakness of Yasser Arafat in the Arab world, he gradually leaned towards Israel and gave up the struggle, and in 1993, the Oslo Accords between Yasser Arafat and Yasser Arafat, the Prime Minister of Israel at the time, The mediation of US President Bill Clinton was signed. Preliminary negotiations about this agreement were held in Oslo, the capital of Norway.
According to this agreement, Arafat recognized the Zionist regime and the plan to form an independent Palestinian state was carried out after the borders were determined, and Yasser Arafat was able to return to Palestine after many years. From 1993 to today, when 30 years have passed since the Oslo 1 agreement, we have witnessed the severe restriction of movement in the occupied areas, the Zionist regime’s control over the natural and vital resources of the Palestinian people, and the failure to prevent the Zionist regime from building settlements.
Of course, Arafat’s compromise continued in the negotiations known as Oslo 2, and in September 1995, he completely deviated from the initial ideas and ideals of forming the Palestine Liberation Organization. Based on this agreement, Arafat pledged to remove the clauses related to the destruction of Israel from the Palestinian National Charter and the statutes of the Palestine Liberation Organization in response to the sovereignty of the self-governing organizations over the cities of Jenin, Tulkarm, Nablus, Qalqilya, Ramallah and a part of the city of Hebron.
A man who once believed in an interview with Oriana Fallaci that “Palestine is the land that starts from Naqba in the north and ends in Aqaba in the south. It starts from the Mediterranean coast plus the Gaza strip and ends in the east, the Jordan River and the Nakba desert.” Now he gave Palestine to Israel in exchange for a limited area!
In 2000 and after the Middle East peace talks, the occupying regime of Jerusalem entered the negotiations with a shameful proposal and expressed red lines which were: Israel’s sovereignty over Jerusalem, not returning to the borders of 1967, not allowing self-governing organizations to have an army and preservation of Zionist settlements in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip; This issue led to the expansion of the fighting spirit in the Palestinian people and the beginning of the second intifada or al-Aqsa intifada; On the other hand, in the same year, Israel withdrew from this region following the resistance of the people of southern Lebanon, and this helped restore hope in the Palestinian people. Arafat, who knew what a big deal he had made following the previous agreements, refused to sign the proposed solution!
After the failure of the Camp David negotiations, The American and Zionist circles did not find Yasser Arafat trustworthy and declared that there is no point in negotiating with him, and for this reason, they started intensifying the pressure on him. Even Arafat did not attend a conference of Arab leaders in Beirut on March 26, 2002, fearing that he would not be allowed to return if he left Palestine. On March 29 of the same year, the occupying forces surrounded him with 480 of his companions and the Palestinian police inside their headquarters, which led to a conflict; America and Israel started efforts to remove him from power, and Arafat was also forced to give part of his power to Mahmoud Abbas, the Prime Minister of the self-governing organization.
** Suspicious death and burial in Ramallah instead of Jerusalem!
In October 2004, Palestinian President Arafat’s health deteriorated to the point where his illness rapidly worsened at the end of October of the same year. On October 29, 2004, transferred to Percy Military Hospital in Paris; Arafat was under observation in this hospital until the news of his death was announced by the self-governing organization on November 11. After Israel prevented Arafat from being buried in Jerusalem, which was Arafat’s will, he was buried in the city of Ramallah.
At the same time, controversy arose over the cause of Arafat’s death and his personal doctor announced that the cause of his illness was some kind of poisoning. Upon his wife’s request for an autopsy, Swiss experts conducted tests on Yasser Arafat’s body and announced that they found 18 times the normal amount of radioactive material in his bones. Also, a delegation composed of French, Swiss and Russian biomedical experts was supposed to investigate the remaining third of Arafat’s body separately, but the French refused to do so. The Fatah movement and other Palestinians hold Israel responsible for the assassination of the head of the Palestinian Authority.
Although the line of compromise started by Arafat was fruitless and ended at the expense of the resistance, it showed that the Zionists are not in any way looking for negotiations to reach a conclusion, and they will not even agree to have a portion of the Palestinian land in the possession of the Palestinians, and the only way is the liberation of Palestine. It goes through resistance and struggle.
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